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The National Theatre during the "Normalization Era"
Volfová, Viktorie ; Kudlová, Klára (advisor) ; Šmíd, Marek (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to present the functioning of the National Theatre in Prague under the ideological supervision of the ruling Communist Party in the years 1968-1989. The included chapters aim to provide a comprehensive picture of cultural policy during the so-called normalization period. In these conditions, the National Theatre also carried out its activities. The first part deals with the socio-historical context and selected events that influenced further political developments in the country. The entry of Warsaw Pact troops into Czechoslovakia led to a change in the existing conditions, consolidating power and censorship. Therefore, the second part describes the Czechoslovak cultural state apparatus, individual institutions, and their activities during the defined period. It explores how the state regulated culture and the censorship regulations that were enforced. The third part generally presents the impact of the political changes after 1968 on the theater scene. The fourth pivotal part of the work focuses directly on the National Theatre, not only on its dramatic and staging directions but also on its selected personalities. This part is directly followed by a case study containing an interview with actress Taťjana Medvecká, who has been active in the National Theatre since 1975....
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State-controlled culture: the Czechoslovak theatres in the era of normalisation
Volfová, Viktorie ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šmíd, Marek (referee)
Stated-controlled culture Czechoslovak theaters at the time of normalization Abstract This thesis gives a comprehensive picture of cultural policy during the so-called normalisation period. The aim is to present the functioning of Czechoslovak theaters under the ideological supervision of the ruling party. The first part deals with the socio-historical context and selected events that further developments. The entry of Warsaw Pact troops into Czechoslovakia forced a change in the countrys circumstances, and power and censorship were consolidated. The second part focuses directly on the description of the cultural state apparatus, the individual institutions and their activities in the given period. It deals with how the state regulated culture and what censorship regulations came into force. It directly presents, through selected theaters, the impact of change in political situation after 1968 not only on the artistic and staging direction. Keywords censorship, communism, cultural policy, drama, normalisation, theatre
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The Hero of Totalitarian Media: The Comparative Analysis of Emil Zátopek's Olympic Victories (1948, 1952)
Dušek, Petr ; Bednařík, Petr (advisor) ; Kraus, Jiří (referee)
Rigorous thesis "The Hero of Totalitarian Media: The Comparative Analysis of Emil Zátopek's Olympic Victories (1948, 1952)" deals with propaganda in the sports journalism. Its aim is to evaluate how the Czechoslovak press reported about successes of one of the best domestic athlet Emil Zatopek at the Olympic Games in London and Helsinki. I defined a hypothesis, based on specialized literature and observation, that journalists exploited Zatopek's triumphs for propagandistic reasons, and presented the successful athlet as a socialist hero. I verified this hypothesis by means of quantitative content analysis of the journals Rude pravo and Lidova demokracie. I defined two secondary hypothesis as well: The news coverage of the Olympic Games in 1952 was more propagandistically damaged than the Olympic Games in 1948, and the news coverage by Rude pravo of both Olympic Games was more propagandistically damaged than by Lidova demokracie. In the analysis I measure the propagandistic damage of the articles, the photos and the representations of Emil Zatopek. The whole research has a deep theoretical background, which includes a definition of propaganda, an outline of the cultural policy 1948-1952, and a definition of the "hero" concept based on different conceptions from both sides of the Iron Curtain.
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Media image of czech fine art in czech media in 1948-53
Dušková, Kateřina ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Knapík, Jiří (referee)
The thesis aims to describe the media image of the czech fine art during 1948-1953 in the cultural periodicals "Kulturní politika", "Tvorba", "Var" and "Lidové noviny". It focuses on two topics that occurred most frequently in these periodicals;That is the definition of art and socialist realism and shaping artists and society. Social realism is characterized not only by description, but also by inspiration sources like Czech fine art of 19th century and the tendency to oppose competitive or similar artistic styles and trends like formalism, naturalism, academicism and kitsch. Shaping the artists and society is understood in terms of upringing, education and enlightenment. In connection with these two areas this thesis focuses on history, cultural policy of the Communist Party, the organizational structure of artistic production, distribution of art, shaping artists, penetration of art into public and private space, socialist realism and an attitude of visual artists to new conditions of artistic production. Different features were also included to capture the uniqueness of each periodical. The starting point of the thesis is a historical and qualitative analysis.
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The National Theatre in Prague during the Nazi Occupation: The Foremost Theatre Scene between Oppression and Resistance. (A Historical-sociological Analysis)
Prázný, Rudolf ; Šubrt, Jiří (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ivan (referee) ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (referee)
The National Theatre in Prague during the Nazi Occupation: The Foremost Theatre Scene between Oppression and Resistance. (A Historical-sociological Analysis) ABSTRACT The submitted dissertation, based on historical-sociological analysis, describes and explains the status, reaction and functionality of the National Theatre in Prague during the hardest times of our modern history - the occupation of the Czech lands by Nazi Germany, the so-called Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (1939-1945), the era when the National Theatre, as the top cultural institution, consolidated its artistry, its permanent values and interpretation efforts of its ensemble to defend the right of our society to preserve its own culture, its own existence. The principal objective of this work is to analyze methods and techniques by means of which the National Theatre in Prague, in line with its audience, steadily faced critical situations caused by the Nazi occupation. Among key factors in this process were the acts of Czech theatre performers proving their bravery as they put their work careers and even their own lives at risk to help guide our nation towards awareness and determination not to relinquish the nation's sovereignty. The Nazis viewed the National Theatre in Prague as a potential instrument for fulfilling their plans...
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Political and educational role of public libraries in the 50 and 60 years in Ostrava region
Nováková, Zuzana ; Večeřová, Petra (advisor) ; Římanová, Radka (referee)
Political and educational role of public libraries in the 50 and 60 years in Ostrava region The thesis is focused on cultural politics of the communist regime in the 50s and 60s of the 20th century in relation to public libraries. Based on archival materials the main attention is paid to the situation in the Ostrava region Cultural policy was aimed in two directions. First through repression, when citizens were banned from access to ideas and works that the regime considered as harmful or objectionable. This activity was implemented by censorship of printed materials, sorting of collections and persecution of opponents. Second way to filling the gaps after undesirable denied authors by pro-regime publications, written in the style of socialist realism. Public libraries were using different sorts of methods how to bring readers to this new literature and how to bring them up to be loyal and conscious builders of socialism - e.g. discussions and reader's conferences, literature contests and polls, Fucik's badge, Month of books and so on. The focus is also on libraries promotion of actions and activities supporting the policy of the Party and the government, such as celebrations of party anniversary, recruitment in mining, atheistic education of readers etc.
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Party press and cultural policy: district of Pardubice during the normalization
Trestrová, Veronika ; Končelík, Jakub (advisor) ; Suk, Pavel (referee)
This thesis gives a comprehensive picture of the press organs of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in the district of Pardubice during the so-called normalization. The first chapter describes the historical contexts of this era, particularly changes in policy after the onset of Gustáv Husák at the head of the Communist Party in April 1969. With this change is related to another topic: extensive purges in the Communist Party, which took place in 1970. The second chapter focuses on changes in the media at the beginning of normalization, in particular the abolition of some periodicals and restoring censorship, and changes in the cultural field, especially strengthening the focus on the Soviet Union, the emergence of new artists' unions and various legal regulation in order to strengthen ideological supervision of the this sphere . The third and fourth sections are devoted East Bohemian press: daily newspaper Pochodeň, published in Hradec Králové, and Pardubice district newspaper Zář. It briefly describes the history of these newspapers and their effect during the Prague Spring and subsequent developments in normalization. Attention is then focussed mainly on their cultural sections and their scope, content and authors of articles. Analysis of the articles from the cultural sections provides an overview of...
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European Cultural Lobby. The Case of We Are More Campaign
Frajtová, Věra ; Tomalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Kasáková, Zuzana (referee)
Master thesis "European cultural lobby. Case of We Are More campaign" is analyzing the European lobbying in the cultural domain. As an area of European policies, culture has been established continuously since the 80's of the 20th century. The role that culture gained at the European Union (EU) level is specific by its double dimension. At the same time, culture is perceived as a source of common values and an area with high economic potential. This thesis examines whether the exclusive role of culture within the EU signifies specific features of lobbying in the cultural domain. Theoretical part of this work is using the concept of europeanization in order to explain how culture became an area of European public policy. The same part develops the theory of European lobbying to demonstrate division of the EU interest groups into public and private. Second part of this thesis presents the case study of the nowadays biggest European cultural lobby, Culture Action Europe, and We Are More campaign organized by this lobby in order to influence future European framework programmes for culture and audiovisual in 2014-2020 period. Features that decide whether an interest group is public or private, as defined by the theoretical part of this thesis, are studied on the case of Culture Action Europe. In order to...
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